Northwest Trek Foundation

Wolves live and hunt in a pack that is structured socially in class layers, with an alpha male and female at the top. The alpha female is the only one to give birth.

Wolves communicate visually in sophisticated ways, using body posture, facial expressions and tail positions. Audible communication is the howl, which bonds the pack, helps them reassemble and is sometimes just for play.

Wolves are naturally wary of humans and prefer to flee or avoid them if possible